Ten Medieval Games

Knucklebone
This is a game of ancient origins. Played with five small pieces. These were the bones of a sheep. The winner is the player who successfully complete a prescribed series of throws. The simplest throw is tossing up one rock, which is the jack, then picking up more until all five pieces are picked up.

Marbles
Marbles was a popular game played by children. Primarily produced of clay. The marbles were to be shot through arches.

Bobbing Apples
Apples were placed in barrels filled with water, and players had to pick them up with their teeth

Chess
Chess has been popular throughout history. The rules are the same from modern day chess.

Dice
These games were for gambling, Dice was popular for individuals. Players were to roll the dice and bet how much money they wanted.

Spinning Tops
The tops were made of wood, and the goal was just to spin the top for the longest amount of time.

Card Games
Ever since paper arrived from China, card games were made. There were many games played, all can be played with two players and up.

Ring Toss
This game can be played by all ages. This is played with rings aimed at two stakes. The goal was to get as much rings on the stakes.

Skittles
This is the predecessor of modern bowling. Players attempt to roll a bowl to knock all the bottles or points to score points. The player with the most points win.

Hoops
Hoops was usually played by children. Children would roll the hoop as part of a race.


Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knucklebones
http://www.britannica.com/topic/hazard-dice-game
http://www.thefinertimes.com/Middle-Ages/games-in-the-middle-ages.html

Medieval Games Rules

Jousting

Set 1: Both contestants must be on horseback

          Both contestants must be wearing armor

          Must have a jousting lance

          Horses must also have armor
          Both must charge at each other

Set 2: Once signaled the two players will ride to the other end of the fence

           The goal is to knock off the other rider off their mount with their lance

           The other must stay on the mount in order to win

Set 3: The knights must run four courses, and no more

          Whoever breaks two lances, shall be the winner

          A tie shall be declared if both had two lances broken and had fallen off

          If both had fallen, but the other fell with the horse, he'll be the winner

          Only counts if the lance breaks after striking

          If they barely hit each other, it means they jousted poorly and a tie

          If ones lance is drop, its not allowed to hit a man without his lance

Dueling

Set 1: Whoever delivers a blow is awarded 1 point
          An extra point is awarded if the opponent falls down
          Another extra point is awarded if the opponent loses their weapon

          A round is won when a player has the highest points in 60 seconds
          Victory is chosen when a player wins 2 out of 3 games

Set 2: Each player fights in 3 separate events
          Fought till the point of surrender
          All battles must be fought on foot

Set 3: The challenged man has the option for a first blow
          The player would either dodge or block with a shield
           The fight would be a fight to the death, the winner will be the one alive

Melee

Set 1: Teams of horseback charge at each other
          The knights are permitted with whatever they want, sponsors can change that though
          To win, the opponent must knock the opponent off the horse
          To win, the whole team must out best the other

Set 2: Teams would be on foot
         The knights are armed with a weapon of their choice
         To win, the whole team must out best the other

Set 3: All weapons must be blunted and armor must be worn
         Once knocked down, the enemy can't attack no more
         To win, the player must out best the other

Sources:

https://sites.google.com/site/nationaljoustingassociation/screen-shots
http://www.medievalists.net/2015/01/07/medieval-rules-jousting/
http://turm.ee/koda/reeglid/EAML_duell_1vs1_eng.pdf
http://wiki.battlemaster.org/wiki/Medieval_Duels
http://www.ancientfortresses.org/medieval-tournaments.htm
https://peachyk.wordpress.com/2009/05/06/medieval-tournaments/

Fiefdom Vocab Week 3

Roman Catholic Church - The branch of Christianity headed by a pope. It is governed by a hierarchy with a pope at the top

Pope - The bishop of Rome, head of the Roman Catholic Church

Cardinal - A leading dignitary of the Roman Catholic Church, nominated by a pope

Archbishop - The chief bishop responsible for an archdiocese

Bishop - A senior member of the Christian clergy

Priest - An ordained minister of the Catholic

Monk - A member of a religious community of men typically living under vows of poverty

Nun - A member of a religious community of women typically living under vows of poverty

Clergy - The body of all people ordained for religious duties

Cathedral - The principal church of a diocese, with which the bishop is officially associated

Church - A building used for public Christian worship

Monastery - A building or buildings occupied by a community of monks living under religious vows

Mendicant - Given to begging

Friar - A member of any of certain religious orders of men, especially the four mendicant orders

Abbey - The building or buildings occupied by a community of monks or nuns

Abbot - A man who is the head of an abbey of monks

Abbess - A woman who is the head of an abbey of nuns

Nunnery - A building of group of  buildings in which nuns live as a religious community

Sacraments - A religious ceremony or act of the christian church that is regarded as an outward visible sign

Baptism - The religious rite of sprinkling water onto a person's forehead or of immersion in water

Eucharist - The Christian ceremony commemorating the Last Supper, in which bread and wine are consecrated and consumed

Confirmation - The action of confirming something

Matrimony - The ceremony of being married

Holy Orders - The sacrament or rite of ordination as a member of the Christina clergy

Penance - Voluntary self-punishment inflicted as an outward expression of repentance for wrong doings

Extreme Unction - A former name for the sacrament of anointing of the sick, especially when administered to the dying

New Testament - The second part of the Christian bible

Medieval Abbey Plans

Medieval Church Interior

Sources
          Vocab: http://www.google.com
          Photos: Church: https://www.colourbox.com/image/a-magnificent-interior-of-church-in-a-medieval-small-town-image-1519753
                        Abbey: http://www.historyfish.net/abbeys/abbeyparts/abbeyparts.html

How Much Farmland Is Needed To Support One Person

one acre is enough to support one person, or 4046.87 meters of farmland. 8 million meters are enough to support 2000 people, which is also 2000 acres. Finally 16 million meters of land for farm animals.

Sources: http://www.farmlandlp.com/2012/01/one-acre-feeds-a-person/

Fiefdom Day 5 Notes

Medieval Shops

Blacksmith shop

This is the interior of a medieval blacksmith shop and I found it at https://www.pinterest.com/heathermoconnor/blacksmith-shops/

These are the tools of a blacksmith and I found it at http://www.mcatmaster.com/guilds/Blacksmiths.htm

Tannery

This is the interior of a medieval tannery and I found it here at http://mittelzeit.blogspot.com/2014/06/leather-tanning-medieval-to-edwardian.html/

These are the tools in a tannery shop and I found this at http://www.freeimages.com/search/tannery

Cooperage

This is the interior of a cooperage and I found this at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooper_(profession)

These are the tools in a cooperage and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/pin/316026098826716065/

Tailor shop

This is the interior of a medieval tailor shop and can be found at http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/Quiringh-Gerritsz.-Van-Brekelenkam/Interior-Of-A-Tailor's-Shop-1653.html

These are the tools of a medieval tailor shop and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/pimade/the-barber-in-me/

Glover shop

This is a glover shop and I found this at http://shissem.com/Hissem_Heyshams_of_Yorkshire.html

These are the tools of a glover shop and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/verseka/%C4%AFrankiai-rakandai/

Carpenter shop

This is the interior of a carpenter shop and I found this at https://dblaney.wordpress.com/2014/05/page/2/

These are the tools of a carpenter shop and I found this at http://freepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wakefield/history/27238-h/27238-h.htm

Fuller shop

This thew interior of a fuller shop and can be found at https://www.pinterest.com/pin/229894755953786919/

These are fuller shop tools and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/carlbrill/tools/

Bakery

This is the interior of a bakery and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/pin/152278031123021785/

These are the tools for a medieval bakery and I found this at http://www.katjaorlova.com/MedievalKitchenEquipment.htm

Butcher shop

This is the interior of a medieval butcher shop and I got this from http://www.historicalcookingproject.com/2015/08/the-butcher.html

These are the tools of a butcher and I found it here at https://www.pinterest.com/khbothwell/the-butcher/

Mill

This is the interior of a mill and I found this at http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Watermill

This is the tools in a mill and can be found at http://www.andrewwillner.com/tag/slow-money/

Brewery

This is the interior of a brewery and I found this at http://www.praguetoursdirect.com/tours-prague/medieval-brewery-tour-prague.htm

This is the tools of a brewery and I found this at http://www.schlenkerla.de/biergeschichte/brauerstern/html/brauerdarstellungene.html

Cobbler shop

This is a cobbler shop and I found this at http://www.medievalchronicles.com/medieval-clothing/medieval-shoes/

These are the tools of a cobbler and I found this at https://uk.pinterest.com/pin/522699100472697334/

Barber shop

This is the interior of a barber shop and I found this at http://www.lookandlearn.com/history-images/M815818/Inside-a-Medieval-Barbers-Shop

These are the tools of a barber and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/joyfullife2/barber-shop/

Wheelwright shop

This is the interior of a wheelwright shop and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/pin/397794579565174627/

These are the tools of a wheelwright shop and I found it here http://www.ridgers-family.com/wheelwrights%202.htm

Tinker shop

This is the interior of a tinker shop and I found this at http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/Rosine-Parran/Interior-Of-The-Forge,-1837.html

These are the tools in a tinker shop and I found this at https://suzettevalentine.wordpress.com/tag/diy/

Potter shop

This is the interior of a potter shop and I found this at http://www.glynnislessing.com/blog/?cat=5

These are the tools in a potter shop and I found this at https://www.pinterest.com/bertjager/medieval/

Fiefdom Day 4 Notes

Day 4 Notes

Town - An urban area with a name, has boundaries, and a social government, larger than a village, smaller than a city

Charter - A written grant by a country's sovereign power,

Guild - A medieval association of merchants or craftsmen, often having considerable power

Guild Hall - Either a town hall or a building used by guilds for meetings

Journeyman - A trained worker who is employed by someone else

Apprentice - A person who is learning a trade from a skilled employer

Merchant - A person involved in a wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries

Barter - Exchanges for goods without money

Carpenter - A person who makes or repairs wooden structures

Cobbler - A person who mends shoes as a job

Glover - A person who makes gloves

Blacksmith - A person who makes or repairs things in iron by hand

Tinker - A person who travels mending metal utensils

Potter - A person who makes pots, bowls, plates, and etc

Cooper - A maker or repairer of casks and barrels

Wheel right - A person who makes or mends wheels for trade

Tanner - A person who tans animal hide to make a living

Weaver - A person who weaves fabric

Baker - A person who bakes food

Butcher - A person who cuts up and sell meat in a shop

Inn - An establishment that provides food, drinks, and accommodations for travelers

Tavern - An establishment for the sale of beer and other drinks

Barber - A person who cuts hear of beards

Fuller - A person who fulls cloth

Miller - A person who owns or work in a grain mill

Brewer - To make beer by steeping, boiling, and fermenting

Stable - A building set apart and adapted for keeping horses

Craft Guild - An association of workers of the same trade for mutual benefits

Merchant Guild - An association of merchants and artisans who control the practice of their craft in a particular town

Wattle and Daub - A material formerly and traditionally used in building walls, consisting of sticks and mud

Sources
http://www.google.com/
http://wwwdictionary.com/

Fiefdom Day 2 and 3 Notes

David Macualay's Castle

1. Who were the people dependent upon?
    The people were dependent on the lords of the manor.

2. Where did they choose to build? And why?
    They chose to build on a rock extending into the water for protection.

3. What was the first ring of the castle called?
    The first ring was called the defensive ring.

4. How long will the walls be on the outer curtain?
    The walls will be 300 feet long each.

5. How thick was the inner curtain? How high?
    The inner curtain was 12 feet thick and 35 feet tall.

6. Sketch of castle(below page)

7. What the center of the inner ward?
    In the center of the inner ward is the living quarter.

8. How many entrances in the town wall? How are they protected?
   There were three entrances in the town hall protected by double tower gate houses.

9. Why did people move to towns?
    People moved into towns to have a fresh start and live a better life.

10. What are the walls filled with?
      The walls are filled with rubbles.

11. How are the windows designed, starting from the bottom to the top of the towers?
     The bottoms are small enough so the enemies can't come through, and the top is decorated and fitted with glass.

12. What are the crenulations used for?
      The crenulations were used for a deadly defense with archers. They fire arrows through the crenulation without being in enemy fire.

13. Why are the gate houses not lined up from the inner to the outer ward?
      The gate houses were not lined up from the inner to the outer ward to give a breaching attacker a harder time to get into the inner ward.

14. How are the tower levels divided?
      They were divided into three levels, the bottom is the storage, the middle is the defense, and the top is the working place.

15. What defenses are in a gate house?
      A door would block the entrance, and a set of doors would block breaching enemy attackers. Trapped enemies would face the defending archers.

16.  What are the buildings made from?
       They were made of wood and straws.

17. What lived on the bottom floor of the barracks? The top?
      Horses and livestock lived on the bottom floor, and the soldier lives on the top.

18. What is a garderobe?
      A garderobe is a toilet.

19. Why were nicer rooms higher in the towers?
      The rooms were nicer because the lords would stay there.

20. How thick were the walls?
      They were 8 to 10 feet thick

21. What was used to heat the rooms?
      Fireplaces were used to heat the rooms.

22. How many rooms were in the tower?
      There are 3 to 4 rooms in the tower.

23. What was the most important room in a castle?
      The most important room was the great hall.

24. How did peasants live?
      The peasants lived in meager wooden shacks, often ending their days tired and hungry.

25. What was the main material that was used to build the medieval homes?
      Wood was the main material used to build homes.

26. What is wattle? What is daub?
      Wattle is a woven patch of sticks covered in daub and daub s a mixture of mud, cow dung, and straws.

27. Why did people settle in towns?
      Strong defense, low taxes, and a better life was the main reason people settled in towns.

28. The best location is near a well.

29. What were the floors made from?
      They were made from packed earth covered in reeds.

30. What were the windows covered with?
      They were covered with oiled sheep skin.

31. What was the main source of heat and light?
      The main source of heat and light was fire.

32. Why would no one want to be live behind the butcher shop?
      They didn't want to live behind the butcher because there were fierce dogs.

33. What does a barber do?
      The barber cures illnesses.

34. Are there sewers?
      There were no sewers.

35. Are there toilets?
      Yes, there were toilets.

36. Where does the waste go?
      All the waste goes into a cesspit.

Castle sketch